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Pascagoula, Mississippi

Coordinates: 30°21′49″N 88°32′31″W / 30.36361°N 88.54194°W / 30.36361; -88.54194
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Pascagoula, Mississippi
City
Welcome sign on U.S. Route 90
Welcome sign on U.S. Route 90
Flag of Pascagoula, Mississippi
Flag
Official logo of Pascagoula, Mississippi
Logo
Nickname: 
Mississippi's Flagship City
Motto(s): 
"A Great Place to Live, Work & Play"
Location of Pascagoula in Jackson County, Mississippi
Location of Pascagoula in Jackson County, Mississippi
Pascagoula is located in Mississippi
Pascagoula
Pascagoula
Location in the United States
Pascagoula is located in the United States
Pascagoula
Pascagoula
Pascagoula (the United States)
Coordinates: 30°21′49″N 88°32′31″W / 30.36361°N 88.54194°W / 30.36361; -88.54194
CountryUnited States
StateMississippi
CountyJackson
Government
 • MayorJay Willis (R)
Area
[1]
 • City24.51 sq mi (63.48 km2)
 • Land15.38 sq mi (39.82 km2)
 • Water9.13 sq mi (23.66 km2)
Elevation
10 ft (3 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • City22,010
 • Density1,431.45/sq mi (552.68/km2)
 • Urban
50,428 (US: 497th)
 • Metro
382,516 (US: 137th)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
39567-39581
Area code228
FIPS code28-55360
GNIS feature ID0675480
Websitecityofpascagoula.com

Pascagoula (/pæskəɡulə/ PASS-kuh-GOOL-uh) is a city in and the county seat of Jackson County, Mississippi, United States.[2] It is the principal city of the Pascagoula metropolitan area, and is part of the Gulfport–Biloxi–Pascagoula Combined Statistical Area and the Gulfport-Biloxi metropolitan area. The population was 22,392 at the 2010 census,[3] down from 26,200 at the 2000 census. In 2019 the population was 21,699.[4]

The city is served by three airports: Mobile Regional Airport, 34 miles (55 km) to the northeast in Alabama; Gulfport-Biloxi International Airport, about 40 miles (64 km) west of Pascagoula; and the Trent Lott International Airport, 9 miles (14 km) to the north in Jackson County.

History

[edit]

Early history

[edit]
Pascagoula Bay, early 18th-century French map

The name Pascagoula, which means "bread eater", is taken from the Pascagoula, a group of Native Americans found in villages along the Pascagoula River some distance above its mouth. Hernando de Soto seems to have made the first contact with them in the 1540s, though little is known of that encounter. Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, founder of the colony of Louisiana, left a more detailed account from an expedition of this region in 1700.[5][6]

The first detailed account comes from Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, younger brother of Iberville, whom the Pascagoula visited at Fort Maurepas in present-day Ocean Springs, shortly after it was settled and while the older brother was away in France. There are few details that are certain about these people, except that their language seemed not to have shared an etymological root with the larger native groups to the north, the Choctaw particularly, who speak a Muskogean language. There has been speculation that their language may be related to Biloxi. The Biloxi people spoke a now extinct Siouan language, which is related to the languages spoken by the Sioux, Crow, and Ho-Chunk.[5][6]

The territory of the Biloxi people seems to have ranged from the areas of what are now called Biloxi Bay to Bayou La Batre (Alabama) and 25 miles (40 km) up the Pascagoula River, and the Pascagoula people's territory seems to have ranged between some distance north of there to the confluence of the Leaf and Chickasawhay rivers.[6]: 19–21  However, the Pascagoula language is completely undocumented – thus, genealogical affiliations from other authors are speculation.[5]

The first European settlers of Pascagoula were Jean Baptiste Baudreau Dit Graveline, Joseph Simon De La Pointe and his aunt, Madame Chaumont.

Modern history

[edit]

The region changed hands over the next century, being occupied variously by the English, French, and Spanish until well after the American Revolutionary War. It came into the permanent possession of the United States in 1812 when it was added to the Mississippi Territory. At one point, for 74 days in 1810, Pascagoula was a part of what was known as the Republic of West Florida.[6]: 47–49  Pascagoula was incorporated as a village in 1892. It obtained city status in 1901. Today's downtown Pascagoula used to be the town of Scranton, Mississippi, incorporated in 1870. The two towns merged in 1904 by Governor's proclamation and in 1912 by Mississippi legislative act.[7]

In October 1973, an alleged unidentified flying object sighting and alien abduction is said to have occurred when co-workers Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker claimed they were abducted by aliens while fishing near Pascagoula. The incident, Pascagoula Abduction, earned substantial mass media attention.[8] In June 2019, Pascagoula placed a historical marker near the alleged abduction site.[9]

Hurricane Katrina

[edit]
Houses destroyed or flooded by Hurricane Katrina
Main article: Effect of Hurricane Katrina on Mississippi

On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina's 20-foot (6.1 m) storm surge devastated Pascagoula,[10] much like Biloxi and Gulfport and the rest of the Mississippi Gulf Coast.[11] Katrina came ashore during the high tide of 6:12 AM, 2.1 ft (0.64 m) more.[12] Nearly 92% of Pascagoula was flooded. Most homes along Beach Boulevard were destroyed, and FEMA trailers became an omnipresent sight.

Due to the media focus on the plight of New Orleans and Biloxi-Gulfport in the aftermath of Katrina, many Pascagoula citizens have expressed feeling neglected or even forgotten following the storm. Most Pascagoula residents did not possess flood insurance, and many were required to put their homes on pilings before being given a permit to rebuild. TITANTubes, sometimes referred to as geotubes, were installed under the beach to serve as low-profile dune cores to protect the evacuation route.

United States Navy officials announced that two Arleigh Burke-class guided missile destroyers that were under construction at Northrop Grumman Ship Systems in Pascagoula had been damaged by the storm, as well as the amphibious assault ship USS Makin Island.

Hurricane Katrina damaged over forty Mississippi libraries, flooding the Pascagoula Public Library's first floor and causing mold in the building.[13]

Points of interest

[edit]
Pascagoula Art Depot, a gallery for local artists

The United States post office in Pascagoula contains a mural, Legend of the Singing River, painted in 1939 by Lorin Thompson. Murals were produced from 1934 to 1943 in the United States through the Section of Painting and Sculpture, later called the Section of Fine Arts, of the Treasury Department. The mural was restored in the 1960s as the building became the Pascagoula Public Library. The building was damaged by Hurricane Katrina in 2005, and the mural was placed in storage. In 2010, it was re-installed at the new Pascagoula post office on Jackson Avenue.[14]

Pascagoula is the home of the Old Spanish Fort, the oldest building in the Mississippi Valley. It was built sometime in the 1750s.

Geography

[edit]

Pascagoula is located along Mississippi Sound, on the east side of the mouth of the Pascagoula River. It is bordered to the north by Moss Point and to the west, across the Pascagoula River, by Gautier. The city has a total area of 24.5 square miles (63.4 km2), of which 15.4 square miles (39.8 km2) are land and 9.1 square miles (23.6 km2), or 37.25%, are water.[3]

U.S. Route 90 (Denny Avenue) passes through the city, leading northeast 16 miles (26 km) to Grand Bay, Alabama, and west 21 miles (34 km) to Biloxi. Mississippi Highway 613 (Telephone Road) leads north from US-90 into Moss Point and 5 miles (8 km) to Interstate 10.

Climate

[edit]

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Pascagoula has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Pascagoula was 106 °F (41.1 °C) on August 26, 2023, while the coldest temperature recorded was 16 °F (−8.9 °C) on January 30, 2014.[15]

Climate data for Pascagoula, Mississippi (Trent Lott International Airport), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1997–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 83
(28) 		84
(29) 		89
(32) 		93
(34) 		97
(36) 		102
(39) 		103
(39) 		106
(41) 		99
(37) 		98
(37) 		88
(31) 		84
(29) 		106
(41)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 76.1
(24.5) 		78.9
(26.1) 		82.9
(28.3) 		85.9
(29.9) 		92.8
(33.8) 		96.7
(35.9) 		97.1
(36.2) 		96.7
(35.9) 		94.2
(34.6) 		90.5
(32.5) 		82.7
(28.2) 		79.0
(26.1) 		98.7
(37.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 62.5
(16.9) 		66.4
(19.1) 		72.2
(22.3) 		77.6
(25.3) 		84.3
(29.1) 		89.6
(32.0) 		90.9
(32.7) 		90.7
(32.6) 		88.0
(31.1) 		80.7
(27.1) 		71.4
(21.9) 		64.8
(18.2) 		78.3
(25.7)
Daily mean °F (°C) 51.7
(10.9) 		55.5
(13.1) 		61.2
(16.2) 		66.6
(19.2) 		73.6
(23.1) 		80.3
(26.8) 		82.1
(27.8) 		81.9
(27.7) 		78.5
(25.8) 		69.2
(20.7) 		59.1
(15.1) 		54.0
(12.2) 		67.8
(19.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 40.9
(4.9) 		44.6
(7.0) 		50.1
(10.1) 		55.7
(13.2) 		63.0
(17.2) 		71.1
(21.7) 		73.4
(23.0) 		73.2
(22.9) 		69.0
(20.6) 		57.7
(14.3) 		46.9
(8.3) 		43.2
(6.2) 		57.4
(14.1)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 22.3
(−5.4) 		27.4
(−2.6) 		32.1
(0.1) 		39.8
(4.3) 		48.8
(9.3) 		62.8
(17.1) 		67.8
(19.9) 		66.8
(19.3) 		56.1
(13.4) 		39.9
(4.4) 		28.9
(−1.7) 		27.3
(−2.6) 		21.9
(−5.6)
Record low °F (°C) 16
(−9) 		20
(−7) 		21
(−6) 		32
(0) 		42
(6) 		50
(10) 		60
(16) 		60
(16) 		45
(7) 		29
(−2) 		19
(−7) 		20
(−7) 		16
(−9)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.97
(126) 		4.01
(102) 		4.73
(120) 		4.40
(112) 		4.95
(126) 		6.91
(176) 		6.65
(169) 		7.89
(200) 		4.84
(123) 		3.69
(94) 		3.79
(96) 		4.90
(124) 		61.73
(1,568)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 8.3 8.9 8.5 7.3 7.7 12.3 14.8 14.8 10.4 8.0 7.5 9.4 117.9
Source 1: NOAA[16]
Source 2: National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 2006–2020)[15]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870480—
1880418−12.9%
1900708—
19103,379377.3%
19206,08280.0%
19304,339−28.7%
19405,90036.0%
195010,80583.1%
196017,15558.8%
197027,26458.9%
198029,3187.5%
199025,899−11.7%
200026,2001.2%
201022,392−14.5%
202022,010−1.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[17]
2018 Estimate[18]

2020 census

[edit]
Pascagoula racial composition[19]
Race Num. Perc.
White (non-Hispanic) 10,272 46.67%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 7,561 34.35%
Native American 51 0.23%
Asian 152 0.69%
Pacific Islander 3 0.01%
Other/Mixed 717 3.26%
Hispanic or Latino 3,254 14.78%

In the 2020 United States census, there were 22,010 people, 8,415 households, and 4,865 families residing in the city.

2000 census

[edit]

As of the census of 2000, there were 26,200 people, 9,878 households, and 6,726 families living in the city. The population density was 1,726.4 inhabitants per square mile (666.6/km2). There were 10,931 housing units at an average density of 720.3 units per square mile (278.1 units/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 67.15% White, 28.97% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.97% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.67% from other races, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.89% of the population.

There were 9,878 households, of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 18.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.9% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the city, the population was 26.9% under the age of 18, 12.0% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.9 males. The median income for a household in the city was $32,042, and the median income for a family was $39,044. Males had a median income of $30,313 versus $22,594 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,891. About 18.1% of families and 20.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.4% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.

According to census 2010, Pascagoula has the highest percentage of Puerto Ricans in Mississippi. Puerto Ricans make up nearly 5% of the city.

Economy

[edit]
A section of the Ingalls Shipbuilding Company showing various US Navy ships under construction

Pascagoula is a major industrial city of Mississippi, on the Gulf Coast. Prior to World War II, the town was a sleepy fishing village of about 5,000. The population skyrocketed with the war-driven shipbuilding industry. The city's population seemed to peak in the late 1970s and early 1980s as Cold War defense spending was at its height. Pascagoula experienced some new growth and development in the years before Hurricane Katrina.

Today, Pascagoula is home to the state's largest private, single-site employer, Ingalls Shipbuilding, owned by Huntington Ingalls Industries. Other major industries include the largest Chevron refinery in the world; Rolls-Royce Naval Marine, specializing in U.S. Navy ship propulsion; and First Chemical/Chemours.

Naval Station Pascagoula was located on Singing River Island and was homeport to several Navy warships, as well as a large Coast Guard contingent. Naval Station Pascagoula was decommissioned as part of the 2005 BRAC recommendations and ceased operations in 2006.

Education

[edit]

The Pascagoula-Gautier School District serves Pascagoula. Resurrection Catholic School is a parochial school for grades PK3-12, established in 1882.

Notable people

[edit]

Sister city

[edit]
[edit]
  • Pascagoula is the setting for Ray Stevens's novelty song "Mississippi Squirrel Revival".[37]
  • Jimmy Buffett wrote a song called "The Pascagoula Run".[38]
  • Pascagoula is also home to the Mississippi's "Phantom Barber" where a man would run around cutting women's lock of hair at night.[39]
  • There have been several free concerts held in Pascagoula by famous musicians including Charlie Daniels Band (2006),[40] Blake Shelton (2007),[41] and Jimmy Buffett (2015)[42]
  • Pascagoula, along with several other Mississippi gulf coast cities, participates in hosting the "Crusin' The Coast" car show every year which was named America's best car show in 2020 by USA Today.[43]
  • Pascagoula appears as a level in Tom Clancy's EndWar. The player is either tasked with destroying or defending the Pascagoula Refinery, described as the largest in the U.S.[44]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ a b "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Pascagoula city, Mississippi". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
  4. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  5. ^ a b c Goddard, Ives (2005). "The indigenous languages of the Southeast." Anthropological Linguistics. 47 (1): 1–60.
  6. ^ a b c d Cain, Cyril Edward: Four Centuries on the Pascagoula, Vol. 1 (1953)
  7. ^ "City of Pascagoula v. Krebs". Retrieved March 24, 2023.
  8. ^ Amy, Jeff; Plaisance, Stacey (October 11, 2013). "Man says 1973 UFO incident turned life upside down". St. Paul Pioneer Press. Associated Press. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
  9. ^ Brockell, Gillian (June 26, 2019). "The men claimed they were abducted by aliens. In Mississippi, police believed them". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
  10. ^ "National Weather Service Forecast Office – Mobile/Pensacola." NOAA. July 7, 2006.
  11. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Report, Hurricane Katrina." (post-analysis) National Hurricane Center. revised August 10, 2006.
  12. ^ "2005 NOAA Tide Predictions: Pascagoula, Mississippi Sound" (2005), tide on August 29, 2006, NOAA, web:NOAA-tide-tables.
  13. ^ "Hurricane Katrina Related Damages to Public Libraries in Mississippi" (PDF). Mississippi Library Commission. September 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 31, 2007. Retrieved April 24, 2009 – via American Library Association.
  14. ^ "Mural returns to Pascagoula Post Office". Blog.gulflive.com. July 11, 2010. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
  15. ^ a b "NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS New Orleans". National Weather Service. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
  16. ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Pascagoula Lott INTL AP, MS". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
  17. ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  18. ^ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
  19. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
  20. ^ Campbell, Donna (December 10, 2015). "Jackson County native co-wrote Blake Shelton song nominated for Grammy". sunherald. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
  21. ^ "STEVE BOWMAN". profootballarchives.com. Archived from the original on December 12, 2014. Retrieved December 12, 2014.
  22. ^ a b c d e f Magee, Patrick (June 17, 2016). "Pascagoula set to induct 15 in Hall of Fame Saturday". sunherald. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
  23. ^ Associated Press (September 12, 2015). "Jimmy Buffett's hometown of Pascagoula, Miss., is naming a bridge for him". NOLA.com. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
  24. ^ "Fantasy News, Fantasy Leagues, Player Projections, Cheat Sheets, Player Rankings, Draft Guides - RotoWire.com". Databasefootball.com. Retrieved May 2, 2017.
  25. ^ Fittipaldo, Ray (April 12, 2017). "Steelers cornerback Senquez Golson detained after bringing gun to Alabama airport". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
  26. ^ Jernigan, Gavin (September 11, 2018). "Dr. Calvin Huey, the first African-American football player at the Naval Academy, dies at 75". Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  27. ^ Clarence., Watkins (2012). Baseball in Memphis. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub. p. 43. ISBN 9780738591087. OCLC 759916692.
  28. ^ Hevesi, Dennis (February 4, 2011). "Charles Sellier Jr., Creator of 'Grizzly Adams', Dies at 67". New York Times. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
  29. ^ Dumas, Michael (February 8, 2011). "Charles Sellier Jr., creator of 'Grizzly Adams', dies at 67". Press-Register. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
  30. ^ "Judson Spence Best Songs List: Top, New, & Old". AllMusic.
  31. ^ "Judson Spence". Rareandobscuremusic.wordpress.com. June 8, 2017.
  32. ^ "Judson Spence Archives". Americansongwriter.com.
  33. ^ "Judson Spence". IMDb.
  34. ^ "Judson Spence". Pandora.com. Retrieved May 2, 2023.
  35. ^ Jones, James (July 7, 2016). "Referee Sarah Thomas will be back for another year in NFL". sunherald. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
  36. ^ "Chico News & Review - Chico gets a Southern sister - News - Local Stories - October 27, 2005". Newsreview.com. October 27, 2005. Archived from the original on February 2, 2008. Retrieved May 2, 2017.
  37. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2012). Hot Country Songs 1944 to 2012. Record Research, Inc. p. 322. ISBN 978-0-89820-203-8.
  38. ^ "Pascagoula Run". Pascagoula Run. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
  39. ^ "Choctaw Traits". Swordandscale.com. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
  40. ^ "Cruisin' the Coast in Pascagoula, a First for the City". Gulfcoastnews.com. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  41. ^ "Pascagoula Hosts First Official Cruisin The Coast". Wlox.com. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  42. ^ "Jimmy Buffett honored in Pascagoula, wows beach crowd with acoustic set". Gulflive.com. September 20, 2015. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  43. ^ "Cruisin' The Coast named America's best car show". 10best.com. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  44. ^ "Tom Clancys Endwar Tips: Pascagoula Strategy" (video). youtube.com. THE RED DRAGON. February 9, 2009.
[edit]
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